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	<title>FOURTH NIGHT &#187; Beirut</title>
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	<description>Essays, Journalism, Fiction, Photography, Video, Reality Shows, and other etceteras by Constantine Markides</description>
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	<itunes:summary>Essays, Journalism, Fiction, Photography, Video, Reality Shows, and other etceteras by Constantine Markides</itunes:summary>
	<itunes:author>FOURTH NIGHT</itunes:author>
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	<itunes:subtitle>Essays, Journalism, Fiction, Photography, Video, Reality Shows, and other etceteras by Constantine Markides</itunes:subtitle>
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		<title>FOURTH NIGHT &#187; Beirut</title>
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		<title>Beirut (Part 1): The eve of the ceasefire</title>
		<link>http://www.fourthnight.com/2006/09/beirut-lebanon-war/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourthnight.com/2006/09/beirut-lebanon-war/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Sep 2006 01:06:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Constantine Markides</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ain-el Hilwe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Beirut]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bombing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CNN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mayflower]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicins du Monde]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nasrallah]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Palestinians]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photoblog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Red Crescent]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugee camp]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fourthnight.wordpress.com/2006/09/04/september-4-2006-beirut-part-1-the-eve-of-the-ceasefire/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[*To see a slideshow of the following photos, and of many more that I was not able include in the post, click here IT WAS NOT your everyday airplane announcement: “Attention: due to bombings in Beirut, we will wait over the sea.” But the French military plane—which was loaded with pallets of humanitarian aid, two [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>*To see a slideshow of the following photos, and of many more that I was not able include in the post, </strong><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/sets/72157614513324704/show/" target="_blank"><strong>click here</strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.fourthnight.com/wp-content/uploads/2006/09/beirut11.jpg" rel="lightbox[91]"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1576 alignleft" title="View of Israeli bombing from Beirut airport (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://www.fourthnight.com/wp-content/uploads/2006/09/beirut11-300x225.jpg" alt="View of Israeli bombing from Beirut airport (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="300" height="225" /></a>IT WAS NOT your everyday airplane announcement: “Attention: due to bombings in Beirut, we will wait over the sea.” But the French military plane—which was loaded with pallets of humanitarian aid, two Handicap International employees, a Dutch embassy entourage, two journalists including myself, and a dozen armored French soldiers—must have only circled over the Mediterranean a few times. Twenty minutes later the C-130 touched down on one of the remaining intact strips at the Beirut airport. Only minutes after we had disembarked a plume of smoke mushroomed in the distance. The final day before the ceasefire—the 33rd day of Israeli air strikes—was not panning out to be a quiet one.  <span id="more-91"></span>Once a French military officer returned our newly stamped passports, we climbed into a French  embassy van. An M-16, or something resembling it, was propped against the passenger dashboard. The <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312578169/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="French soldiers in Beirut airport (Photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3652/3312578169_f665da934c_m.jpg" alt="French soldiers in Beirut airport (Photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>need for guns in the south of Lebanon where a ground war was underway made sense, but assault rifles seemed to me futile in the face of air and naval bombardment. The giant French flag draped over the van’s roof seemed far more practical, though considering that warplanes had hit a UN post and ambulances, perhaps that too did more to give the impression of protection than anything else. Whatever the case, it was not long before the novelty of guns and armed men wore off. They became part of the general Lebanese scenery, a sight so common that, as with pigeons in Central Park or gondoliers in the tourist heart of Venice, you take no stock of them after a while.  As we drove into the city center, our armed guide told us that a ceasefire had been agreed-upon for the next day and that heavy bombing was expected in southern Beirut, and possibly also in West Beirut, throughout the day and night. From a military perspective it made sense: today was the last chance—assuming the ceasefire held—to get some work done and smash things up. The van could not take me as far as my hotel, the Mayflower, so I instead they dropped me off near the French embassy at a plush downtown hotel where the other journalist, who was working for a French radio station, was staying.  Before leaving the French guide told me that the West Beirut Sunni Muslim quarter of Hamra, where my hotel was located, was not a very safe area and advised I stay at this hotel instead. The other journalist, who apparently knew no one in Lebanon, seized upon this bit of advice. “Yes, I would stay here if I were you, it’s much safer!” But I already had a reservation at the Mayflower and the two members of the Cyprus Médicins du Monde (MDM)—who had just arrived on a Canadian chartered boat and whom I would be shadowing around Beirut—were waiting there for me. He made one last attempt. “At least maybe you should stay just for tonight, since it’s supposed to be the worst night…” But I was not budging and anyway, the hotel charged double the Mayflower’s rate, so I flagged a taxi and headed for Hamra.  I was not as skittish as the other reporter, who seemed as much of a virgin at war correspondence as myself, but I cannot say I was unmolested at hearing it was best to stay out of Hamra. I asked the taxi driver about the Sunni quarter, but he could do nothing but mewl the word “benzene… benzene…” in an unsuccessful effort to squeeze a few more dollars out of me. But when we entered Hamra, the picture of desolation and abandonment that the warning had conjured in my imagination was quickly dispelled. People were on the streets, grocery stores were open, and kids were even kicking balls about. It is true that we were only several kilometers from the Shiite neighborhoods of Southern Beirut that Israel was pounding, but Hamra itself had not been hit. In fact, it may in the end have been one of the safest areas: the American University of Beirut is in Hamra.  The street life surprised me. There were even a few window-shoppers out. The only sign that this was not an average late Sunday afternoon was that a couple of teenagers were siphoning petrol out of a Mercedes. Media coverage of conflicts gives the impression that when a country is at war every person is under siege and thinking about nothing but staying alive. The words “War in Lebanon” or “Israel Attacked” scroll in red across your TV screen under video footage of demolished structures or the fire from a Katyusha rocket blast and so you imagine that everyone in Lebanon and northern Israel is locked in a life and death struggle or at least scraping by in a constant state of panic. But what is not shown—unless it serves propaganda purposes—is the fact that while the bombs may be falling several kilometers away, human life, in all its complexity, must go on. Terror and panic are not emotions that can be sustained for long periods of time. And while the same cannot be said of fear, one often finds just as much of it in places under little threat of attack as in countries actually at war.  But of course that is not to say that people are oblivious to the war. Like a belligerent drunk in a bar, war has a way of making itself heard, however unwelcome its presence. It is no coincidence that the Greek god of war, Ares, was a disliked blustering lout. It was while unpacking in my hotel room that I heard the distant roar of Ares. I grabbed my hotel keys and rushed into a surprisingly quiet hallway and then down to reception. It was as if I had hallucinated the blast.  “Did you hear that?” I asked the desk attendant.  He eyed me for a moment and then laughed. “That was nothing. Earlier the front door was swinging back and forth from the bombs.”  The sound of explosions had become background noise, like heavy thunder. In fact, just before sunset—while I was standing on the roof, listening to the call to prayer wailing from the tops of minarets that sent lengthening fingers of shade across the warmly illumined city—I briefly thought there was a thunderstorm underway in the distance. Within a dense but isolated cluster of clouds I saw flashes of light, which were followed by a rumbling sound. But then a cloud of smoke rose up in the same area, announcing that it was no storm, at least not of the thunder-and-lightning variety.  There&#8217;s something dreamlike about being in a city under bombardment, so long as the bombs are not falling on your head. The distant rumbles, the vibrations underfoot, the power outages, these all help impart the feeling that you&#8217;ve been transported to some other land where daily life, though not ceasing, has been stripped of its superficialities and where the usual disinterest among strangers is replaced by an undercurrent of solidarity. It&#8217;s strangely seductive and addictive. I&#8217;d venture that aside from the lofty moral proclamations about the desire to “get the truth out” a good part of the reason why most war journalists feel such an urge to rush into every conflict is the craving for another fix.  Later that night at the hotel bar, a veteran war photographer, who had been chasing bombs throughout Lebanon for several weeks to get post-explosion pictures of ambulance workers and victims said that it was especially difficult for press to cover the strikes because Israel would often hit the same spot after an interlude. He told me that last week in Tyre the New York Times Magazine writer Scott Anderson had his eardrum blown out upon arriving at the scene of a drone missile attack on a person. He and the photographer Paolo Pellegrin and their driver were in the lead car of a caravan of journalists and had just pulled up near the injured man when an Israeli drone fired a second missile 200 meters from where they were, killing the wounded man, and giving the three of them mild concussions and shrapnel wounds (the car windshields had shattered under the force).  “Scott has been walking around with tissue sticking out of his ear,” he said. “I’ve been a lot of places but these bombs are something else. There’s an incredible vacuum effect when they hit. You can wear a helmet and a bulletproof vest but the shrapnel will get you in the face and neck. The first three weeks I was here I was fine, but now I hear the explosion and my heart jumps.”  If his heart did jump, it did not jump very far. A moment later there was a distant rumble. “There goes another one,” he said in a flat tone and sipped at his beer.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312581389/" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Leaflets dropped over Beirut by Israel (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3305/3312581389_52bd0372be_m.jpg" alt="Leaflets dropped over Beirut by Israel" width="240" height="180" /></a>The following morning an explosion jarred me out of sleep, preempting my alarm by seven minutes. I put on a pair of shorts and shirt and climbed the stairs to the rooftop. It was still an hour and a half from the ceasefire. I saw no smoke anywhere but, looking up, suddenly noticed what looked like a flock of sparrows swirling in a cloud in front of the rising sun. They were leaflets.  Now I knew that Israel as part of its propaganda effort often dropped leaflets depicting cartoons of Hizbollah’s leader Nasrallah as a snake or scorpion, etc, but I also knew they also dropped warnings to residents to evacuate before they bombed an area. As I watched them flutter down towards the buildings tops, I could only think of the warning leaflets. Perhaps the French military guide was right after all. It would be a dramatic way to herald in the ceasefire but I was not sure whether I wanted to be part of that drama.  Had I been a bit coolheaded I would have instantly recognized that—unless the ceasefire had been cancelled, which as of last night it had not—it would be absurd to imagine that Israel would drop leaflets telling an entire quarter (maybe even city for all I knew) to evacuate if it was going to bomb an hour or so later. But due to inexperience and tingling nerves, I had grimly made up my mind that the warplanes were on their way.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312582601/in/set-72157614513324704/" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Leaflets dropped over Beirut by Israel (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3606/3312582601_e692798d4d_m.jpg" alt="Leaflets dropped over Beirut by Israel" width="240" height="180" /></a>I lunged at the first leaflet, clutching at air as it whisked away and over the edge of the building.  Neighboring residents were doing the same from their balconies. Another leaflet fell in the center of the rooftop pool. As the pool was the size of a large tub, I was able to fish the leaflet out with an extended leg. It was a cartoon of Nasrallah building a sandcastle as a giant wave approached. On top was some Arabic writing that I could not read. It did not look like a call to evacuate. But as I was crouched down by the poolside another leaflet fell on my shoulder. On it were several paragraphs of incomprehensible and—for that reason—ominous text.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312584035/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Leaflet dropped by Israel of cartoon of Nasrallah (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3631/3312584035_d6c06f88a9_m.jpg" alt="Leaflet dropped by Israel of cartoon of Nasrallah" width="240" height="180" /></a>I went back down to my room and turned the television on to CNN, the only English-language news station that came in. It was a live broadcast from Beirut. On the screen was a photograph of the same leaflet in my hand and underneath it read “IDF leaflets: army will return if Israel is attacked.” There would be no bombing of Hamra. It is a curious irony of modern technology that though the leaflets were falling on my head, someone else who was sitting on a reclining chair six thousand miles away with a can of beer in one hand and a remote in the other knew more about their content than I did. But that said, it is also a curious irony of modern propaganda that the facts presented in such a timely manner to this man will—due to the ideological platter on which they are served and the assumptions that garnish them—result in a sum picture that will likely do more to misinform him than anything else.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312596449/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Civilians often posed as media to reduce risk of getting bombed (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3529/3312596449_968b63fc99_m.jpg" alt="Civilians often posed as media to reduce risk of getting bombed (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="192" height="144" /></a>Despite the fact that the previous day had been the heaviest day of strikes on part of both Israel and Hizbollah and despite that the attacks continued past sunrise, the strikes ended by 8am. It was similar to the eerie silence of a schoolyard six minutes after the teacher has announced to a deafening mass of elementary school kids that their break is over in five minutes. But though the bombings came to an abrupt and unconvincing end, the population did not wait around to see whether the ceasefire would actually hold. At once they were out and traveling to the most heavily bombed places to see whether their homes, or in some cases neighborhoods, were still standing. The roads heading south--completely deserted just one day ago--were suddenly bumper-to-bumper with cars loaded down with mattresses and plastered with pictures of Nasrallah.   On the day after the ceasefire, the Secretary General of the Lebanon Branch of the Palestinian Red Crescent Society (PRCS), Dr. Mohammad Osman, drove me and the two members of the Cyprus MDM to visit a hospital and refugee camp in the port city of Sidon, normally a 40-minute drive south from Beirut. The drive took us over three hours. Had we stayed the whole way on the <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3314545176/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Traffic jam south of Beirut after ceasefire (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3543/3314545176_3d9236e719_m.jpg" alt="Traffic jam south of Beirut after ceasefire (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>coastal highway it would have taken even longer but we bypassed most of the traffic and the bombed-out bridges by detouring through winding mountain roads. But even there the roads were congested. Dozens of cars were left stranded on the curbside from overheated engines or lack of petrol—a scant wartime commodity that Osman had astutely stocked up on.  Everyone I spoke with in Lebanon told me that the devastation Israel had wrought over the last month was greater than anything from the 1982 Israeli offensive or the 15-year civil war. The more I saw, the more I believed it. Just about every bridge we passed, especially along the major highways, had been either damaged or destroyed.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312597075/" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Bombed Bridge Southern Lebanon (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3506/3312597075_217ca4fa1b_m.jpg" alt="Bombed Bridge Southern Lebanon (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>The previous day Osman had taken us to the outskirts of the southern suburbs of Beirut and pointed out a ruined apartment building that looked like it had been strafed with heavy gunfire. “This is my house,” he had said. “It wasn’t hit, but the buildings next to it were.” Shrapnel alone had wrecked his building. Those that had taken direct hits were generally no more than mounds of rubble. We paused a while longer at the foot of the pockmarked building. “I hope the furniture isn’t damaged,” he mused to himself and then put the car into gear. But his office at the PRCS headquarters had fared better. Aside from the windows, which had collapsed inwards after a warplane struck a bridge several hundred yards away, the building was undamaged. In southern Beirut, it was a stroke of good fortune if your building had suffered no more than shattered windows.  At one point as we were driving towards Sidon, Osman looked at me through the rearview mirror. “Is the wind too much? I can roll up my window.” I told him I preferred the wind on my face. “Okay,” he said. “I’ve gotten in the habit of keeping the windows down so that they don’t break if a bomb falls nearby.” He paused. “Hopefully we won’t have to start worrying about that again.”  Upon arriving in Sidon, the first order of business was to get permission from the Lebanese government for us to enter the Ain el-Hilwe refugee camp. Cyprus MDM had packed and shipped over from Cyprus 21 pallets of clothing, which we had helped load onto two trucks at the Beirut port the previous day. Fifteen of those pallets were to be donated to the refugee camp. Osman waited at the PRCS Al Hamshary Hospital while a young woman named Nesrine helped us secure and complete the necessary bureaucratic paperwork and then took us to the heavily fortified eastern camp entrance.  Even with government approval, the Lebanese soldiers almost denied us entry. They first gave a vague nonsensical reason and then said it was because I was a journalist. A ten-minute row broke out between the soldiers and Nesrine, who refused to turn back. Just when I thought they might haul us of the van, we were grudgingly waved on to enter. I could not understand why it was such complicated business to let us enter a refugee camp to deliver some pallets of clothing. I gathered that it was partly due to sheer harassment and partly to security concerns. The Lebanese army does not enter Ain-el Hilwe and the Lebanese authorities have no presence there. Though the camp lies on only 1.5 square kilometers of land, there are about 70,000 refugees there, making it the biggest refugee camp in Lebanon.  It was only the next morning, when I was doing some background research online for a newspaper story, that I realized why there was such a fuss over the camp. Ain el-Hilwe is considered to be a center of Palestinian resistance against Israel, with <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3313434990/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Ain-el Hilwe Palestinian Refugee Camp (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3432/3313434990_2ea38b922e_m.jpg" alt="Ain-el Hilwe Palestinian Refugee Camp" width="240" height="180" /></a>various armed Palestinian factions allegedly running the camp and fighting against one another for control of various neighborhoods. Due to its unmonitored status many believe that wanted militants and terrorists hide out there. Right wing think tanks have even quoted Ain el-Hilwe as the “single most important al-Qaeda base of operations in the Middle East.” Osman on the other hand, claimed that while Ain el-Hilwe was once a hotbed of militancy, it had quieted down recently.  Perhaps it was best I knew nothing about the camp while I was there because I could better see it for what it basically was: an overcrowded impoverished concrete shantytown that, like a ghetto or prison pen, does not nurture sunny dispositions and placid living. Ain el-Hilwe, which means the “eye of beauty,” opened after the 1948 war when over 100,000 Palestinian refugees sought shelter in Lebanon. As Nesrine said, “There are people who are born in Ain el-Hilwe and who die in Ain el-Hilwe.”  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3313434180/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Palestinians leaving refugee camp, saying farwell (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3481/3313434180_72f66bd1cd_m.jpg" alt="Palestinians leaving refugee camp, saying farwell (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>We first visited a school that had been converted into a temporary shelter for the displaced  Lebanese. Month-old friends hugged and wept before being bussed out of the camp to return to their southern homes, promising one another that their friendships – which had been forged under wartime duress – would not end with their separation. Nesrine introduced me as a journalist and I suddenly found myself besieged. I was a vehicle through which they might communicate their hardship and sorrow and fury to the world.  “We want the United Nations to not only give us schools and food,” said one man who could have easily pursued a diplomatic career had his circumstances been different, “but to also oblige Israel to respect international law and international decisions and not only this decision 1701 but also to implement other decisions because—” and while I would be standing there nodding and scribbling in my notepad, someone else beside me would be yelling, “Israel has only killed civilians but Hizbollah only kills Israeli soldiers, it hasn’t killed one civilian!” a claim that any Human Rights Watch report on Hizbollah attacks would refute, but I would nod my head anyway—to each their propaganda—and keep on scrawling at the paper, no longer even aware of what I was writing because I was thinking about a photo I wanted to take of two women in tearful embrace so I would grab my camera with one hand, while scribbling on illegibly with the other.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3314129047/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Palestinian refugees in Lebanon (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3427/3314129047_2efe4eb3f4_m.jpg" alt="Palestinian refugees in Lebanon (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>It was amidst this sort of chaos that I heard someone say that Israel had bombed the refugee camp an hour and a half before the ceasefire. I instantly put my camera and notepad down. I asked Nesrine if it was true. She said it was. Could we go to the site of the strike? No. I instantly grew suspicious. I did not rule out the attack as an impossibility, but at the same time I knew that no one, whether victim or aggressor, is immune to distortion and fabrication. But my suspicions proved wrong. We had some time left over after visiting the community health center and seeing to it that the 15 pallets of clothing had been delivered, so we headed to the site of the attack.  I will not forget that moment I turned the corner and saw the row of smashed up cars <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3313720153/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Site of bombing in Ain el Hilwe (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3394/3313720153_7cf7d887d5_m.jpg" alt="Site of bombing in Ain el Hilwe (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>and the parking lot of rubble. The cars had been crushed in the fountain of debris that the ‘smart bomb’ had created. I had expected to see a building with the roof caved in, not a crater the size of a town swimming pool. Neighborhood residents were busy shoveling debris off their rooftops and clearing paths to their front doors amidst the rubble, careful to avoid setting off any unexploded ordinances. In Maine one clears snow in front of one’s front door and tries to avoid slipping; in Lebanon one clears rubble and tries to avoid being blown up.  Lebanese and Palestinian officials later said that a warship shelled the Ain el-Hilweh camp, while the Israeli military said it was an aerial targeting of a house used by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3313446360/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Home near bomb strike in Ain el Hilwe (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3423/3313446360_bb47816929_m.jpg" alt="Home near bomb strike in Ain el Hilwe (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>Hizbollah guerrillas. I did visit one house that was on the outer edge of the crater. Inside was a couple with their infant daughter. There was now a hole in their roof and their walls and ceilings were spider-webbed with cracks. They were in the process of sweeping up the rubble; there was nothing to do but go on living. The infant smiled at me from her stroller. A terrorist, no doubt.  The 6:30 am attack on Ain el-Hilwe succeeded in destroying a dozen or so cars, turning a  parking lot into a rubble field, wrecking several neighboring homes, injuring five people and killing a sanitation worker. At the time I was there I had not heard of Ain el-Hilwe’s reputation as a militant stronghold, but even if it were one, I would bet that the death of the garbage collector did not particularly bolster Israel’s security.  <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3313444524/in/set-72157614513324704" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Bomb strike site in Palestinian refugee camp (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3137/3313444524_0d91b5f975_m.jpg" alt="Bomb strike site in Palestinian refugee camp (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>But I am sure that educated people whose nerves are not frayed by exploding bombs and whose judgment is not clouded by womanly sentimentalism have heralded the strike as a vigorous affirmation of a nation’s sovereign right to self-defense, a vital victory for freedom loving peoples over a culture of hate, a notch on the belt in the war on terror. One simply needs a little perspective—and the right color goggles—to see things in their proper light.  <em>The second half of this essay is the <a href="http://fourthnight.com/2006/10/04/beirut-lebanon-war-2/" target="_self">October 4 posting</a></em> Constantine Markides  <strong>*To see a slideshow of my above photos, plus many more that I was not able include in the post, <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/sets/72157614513324704/show/" target="_blank">click here</a></strong></p>
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		<item>
		<title>The Man with the Bad Leg</title>
		<link>http://www.fourthnight.com/2006/08/man-bad-leg-evacuation-lebanon-war/</link>
		<comments>http://www.fourthnight.com/2006/08/man-bad-leg-evacuation-lebanon-war/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 05 Aug 2006 03:00:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Constantine Markides</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cyprus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anderson Cooper]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Beirut]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CNN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[evacuation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Israel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[LCU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photoblog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Seahawk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[USS Nashville]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://fourthnight.wordpress.com/2006/08/26/august-4-2006-the-man-with-the-bad-leg/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ONE OF THE most disturbing sights one can experience in a wartime evacuation is that of a disabled old man or woman trying to flee a conflict zone. The young have their sturdy legs and their health, and when lacking those, a constitution th at can endure, even thrive, in the changes and uncertainties of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-336" title="The Man with the Bad Leg (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://fourthnight.files.wordpress.com/2006/08/the-man-with-the-bad-leg26.jpg?w=166" alt="The Man with the Bad Leg" width="166" height="300" />ONE O<a href="http://fourthnight.typepad.com/.shared/image.html?/photos/uncategorized/themanwiththebadleg2_2.jpg" rel="lightbox[92]"></a>F THE most disturbing sights one can experience in a wartime evacuation is that of a disabled old man or woman trying to flee a conflict zone.</p>
<p>The young have their sturdy legs and their health, and when lacking those, a constitution th at can endure, even thrive, in the changes and uncertainties of a refugee’s plight. Even the sight of young mothers being evacuated with their children gathered about them is somehow not as gut wrenching as we feel it should be.</p>
<p>Of course in the actual war zone it is different; there we lament the huddled <a href="http://fourthnight.typepad.com/.shared/image.html?/photos/uncategorized/evacuation_13.jpg" rel="lightbox[92]"></a>family trapped in the shelled house or the hospitalized child staring unblinkingly out of a face pockmarked with shrapnel wounds. But in the evacuation it is the laborious stilted movements of the old that most upsets us. <span id="more-92"></span></p>
<p>The young—mobile and adaptable but less practiced in suffering—can handle evacuation better than war. But not the elderly. Having experienced almost the entire domino of life’s troubles and private failures, they have learned to cope with hardship. But they have also progressively lost the mechanisms to handle tribulations on the move. Their roots, though tough and weathered, are also deep and brittle.</p>
<p>One avoids dislodging the elderly from their environment for the same reason one avoids transplanting ancient trees: while they may survive the uprooting, they may not have the strength to re-root themselves. This regard for elders is just one of the countless reasons why war—that great destroyer and uprooter—should be an absolute last resort.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312132887/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Beirut evacuation (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3480/3312132887_65ecec078f_m.jpg" alt="Beirut evacuation" width="240" height="180" /></a>One realizes how insensate and feeble are the reasons cocksure jingoists often give for going to war—the respectable term for strafing a country with bombs—when you see its effects firsthand. Casualties aside, war is a sprawling mess even when merely witnessed on its outer edges. If the media did not oblige their respective governments and their governments’ allies by portraying their war efforts as well-intentioned, albeit complicated, surgical procedures to remove tumors, then there would be more of a public clamor to exhaust all options before resorting to violence. </p>
<p>But these other options, often as elementary as “do not commit aggression,” are rarely exhausted for a straightforward reason. Most wars are not the acts of self-defense or liberation that they claim to be, but rather conscious efforts in the old-fashioned imperial sense to control resources and territories and to crush national independence movements. While the rhetoric and, to a lesser extent, the techniques may be less barbaric than in the conquests of past centuries, the motives are as old as war itself.</p>
<p>For several weeks in July, the predictable dead-end pontifications on the Cyprus problem that dominate headlines in Cyprus came to a halt. Tens of thousands of foreign nationals were flooding from Beirut into Cyprus, mostly by sea, to escape the Israeli bombardment of Lebanon. Since Israel had shelled the Beirut airport as well as the road to Damascus, a boat ride to Cyprus—a little over 100 miles to the east—had become the safest way out of Lebanon (or for war correspondents, who travel against the flow of terrified traffic, into Lebanon).</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312937158/in/set-72157614486172430/" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Anderson Cooper in Cyprus (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3305/3312937158_5a4ffceddb_m.jpg" alt="Anderson Cooper in Cyprus (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>For foreign and local reporters covering the evacuation, myself included, it was a busy time. Aside from writing the evacuation stories for the Cyprus Mail, I was also working for CNN with the Anderson Cooper 360 degrees crew for a few days as a “fixer”—the local go-to journalist for everything from translation and research to chauffeuring, lugging, and food delivery. International news crews run exorbitant tabs when they travel to other countries, so sleep does not pay. For them to squeeze four hours of sleep per 24 hours is a rare luxury; the norm is two or three. After several days at the port the pavement at the Larnaca port started to undulate. It was the first time I could say I was hallucinating from lack of sleep without lying.</div>
<p align="justify">It did not help that I was trying to simultaneously work two jobs. It demanded unscrupulous improvisation and cunning. At one point I had to drive to the Larnaca airport with the show’s producer to pick up the crew’s body armor, which Israeli security had confiscated the day before at the Tel Aviv airport. We left the dock at the very same time that a French-chartered cruise ship bearing 970 evacuees, including 200 unescorted children, was docking. Now I was supposed to do a “color piece” on the boat arrival for the newspaper. <a href="http://fourthnight.typepad.com/.shared/image.html?/photos/uncategorized/evacuation_8.jpg" rel="lightbox[92]"></a></p>
<p align="justify">Obviously I had missed all the color. But upon returning with the body armor to the hotel, I managed to get a rundown of what happened at the port from two other members of the CNN crew. I dashed off the article from the hotel lobby. The next morning I was amused to see at a newsstand that the editor ran my story—or rather Tommy and Neal’s story—as the cover piece.</p>
<div>
<p>The port was abuzz at almost all hours with correspondents, photographers, film crews, warships, cruise ships, satellite trucks, makeshift tents, police officers, embassy workers, Red Cross medics, counselors, and of course evacuees. Thousands arrived each day. Boats would dock between evening and early morning, the evacuees would disembark, and the vessels would return to Beirut for the next load. The night hours were a tumult of floodlit activity and press commotion.</p>
<p>As it was already peak tourism season, the hotels quickly filled. The Cyprus government converted a number of schools into temporary housing centers. Check-in lines at the airport extended out the front doors. But despite the tens of additional daily evacuation flights out of Cyprus, more were still arriving than departing. It was like scalping a grassed-over anthill with a lawnmower: there was no end to the evacuees.</p>
<p>And compared to what has happening in Lebanon, it was a mere scratch. It was just a small spillover from the war: the evacuation of those who were privileged enough to have a US, European, Canadian, Australian or comparably precious<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312139195/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Beirut evacuation mission (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3401/3312139195_409d004394_m.jpg" alt="Beirut evacuation mission (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>passport. One French-Lebanese woman who arrived in Cyprus on the French-chartered vessel had to leave behind one of her  daughters in Lebanon who, unlike her sister, had not married a Frenchman and therefore had no French passport. The daughter was pregnant and soon due. But though separated from her sister and mother, she would not be alone in the act of creation, at least not according to Condoleezza Rice, who in a Nietzschean moment of poetic inspiration, said the region was presently undergoing “birth pangs.”</p>
<p>Though it was never voiced, the evacuation was a big media event because it was about “our people,” the citizens of the well-to-do nations. There would not have been nearly so much fuss over a boatload of brown-skinned refugees. Just as economy class passengers must wait for business class to board first, so too would the tens of thousands of Sri Lankans and Filipinos working in Lebanon have to wait for the wealthy nations to evacuate its citizens before their turn came, if it were ever to come. As for the Lebanese, they would be left either to fend for themselves as displaced people amidst the growing rubble or to flee to Syria and hope to be spared a bon voyage aerial bombardment.</p></div>
<p align="justify"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312113115/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="View of USS Whitney from Seahawk helicopter (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3378/3312113115_20e0542385_m.jpg" alt="View of USS Whitney from Seahawk helicopter (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>It was about a week after the evacuations began, as I was preparing to indulge in an escapist Sunday afternoon of sloth, when I got a phone call from a US military press officer. It was regarding my request several days prior to join a US evacuation mission. Three hours later I was on a Navy Seahawk helicopter bound for Lebanon.</p>
<p align="justify">There were five journalists onboard—two from WAVY-TV NBC Norfolk, two from Inside <a href="http://fourthnight.typepad.com/.shared/image.html?/photos/uncategorized/evacuation_3.jpg" rel="lightbox[92]"></a>Edition,  and myself. The helicopter ride, not including a half-hour stopover on the USS Whitney to refuel, took just over an hour. We touched down off the coast of Beirut on the deck of the USS Nashville, a troop transport vessel that had already made two evacuation trips to Cyprus carrying 1,200 on one trip and 1,000 on the other.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312950324/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="US Marines off Beirut (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3572/3312950324_8f980e2160_m.jpg" alt="US Marines off Beirut (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>In wars and mass evacuations, inevitably nothing proceeds as planned. Not only was it unclear if we would be able to pick up any evacuees but there was also some initial doubt as to whether the vessel would even be returning to Cyprus or would be headed to the southern port town of Mersin, Turkey.</p>
<p align="justify">But it was finally established that we would indeed be picking up about 500 Americans from a Beirut beach in an LCU [landing craft utility]—vessels used to transport troops and equipment to shore, recognizable from war films like <em>Saving Private Ryan</em>. Upon returning to the USS Nashville, we would steam for Limassol, Cyprus.</p>
<p align="justify"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312958136/in/set-72157614486172430"><img class="alignleft" title="Heading to Beirut in LCU (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3559/3312958136_7b6e6ea230_m.jpg" alt="Heading to Beirut in LCU (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>It was approaching sunset when we finally set out in the LCU along with several dozen marines.  There seemed nothing out of the ordinary about the verdant mountainous Beirut shore except for a patch of smoke in the distance and the numerous helicopters and warships in the area.</p>
<p align="justify">As we neared the shore, the bow ramp lowered, revealing a desolate beach buffered by some concrete barricades. It was no Normandy, but neither was it the hectic Beirut port I had earlier expected. We braced ourselves as the boat ground to a halt on the pebbly beach and then spilled out down the ramp and onto the shore. A bulldozer, which had been stowed at the stern, followed us and began to smooth out the pebbly shore in front of the bow ramp so that evacuees did not stumble while boarding.</p>
<p><img class="alignright" title="LCU arrival in Beirut (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3510/3312131079_ff62ddb207_m.jpg" alt="LCU arrival in Beirut (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></p>
<p align="justify">The American evacuees, who were waiting on a dune above the beach, descended in the dark  towards the LCU, first those in wheelchairs and then the elderly. Lebanese soldiers and US marines worked side by side to help people board. It was an odd and silent collaboration, and the silence was maybe not entirely due to the language gap seeing that Israel could never have gone on its Terminator mission in Lebanon without the consent of the US, its diplomatic bodyguard and sugar daddy arms dealer. Of course, it was also a curious sight to see marines saving Americans from possible incineration from weapons that the US had delivered to Israel. Just two days earlier it had been reported that the US was rushing a delivery of satellite- and laser-guided munitions to Israel.</p>
<p align="justify">There are plenty of scenes from that trip that will remain with me: the Beirut skyline viewed from the open doors of the helicopter; the flush of eagerness on the faces of the marines (“people go through entire careers and don’t get to do something like this” one marine told me); the beaching of the LCU in Beirut; the panic of evacuees fearing they were going to be left behind <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312971990/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Aboard USS Nashville (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3589/3312971990_09998aa131_m.jpg" alt="Aboard USS Nashville (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>when the LCU began to fill; the Lebanese Americans girls flirting with the marines in the USS Nashville’s dining hall over fried chicken and grilled cheese sandwiches; the rows of evacuees sleeping on deck in cots and on mattresses, many of which the marines had offered up from their own beds; the dark outline of an unlit assault warship trailing us for protection as we steamed towards Limassol “all lit up like a goddam party boat” as one officer put it; the chaplain who spoke to me on the upper deck about Jesus and the exorcising of the demons of Vietnam and how on Sundays they hit golf balls off the deck and shoot skeets and spar with giant boxing gloves and dress up in Sumo suits “to return a degree of normalcy to these marines.”</p>
<p align="justify"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312135315/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignleft" title="Assisting evacuees into LCU (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3339/3312135315_c534154da1_m.jpg" alt="Assisting evacuees into LCU" width="240" height="180" /></a>But one sight particularly affected me. It was while the evacuees were disembarking from the LCU onto the USS Nashville. A heavy older Lebanese man with a cane and a severe limp began working his way down the ramp, assisted by several marines. On the Beirut beach it had taken about ten minutes for two Lebanese soldiers to assist him from the dune to the boat.</p>
<p align="justify">He made it to the end of the ramp and then paused. There was a minor swell and the ramp was slightly shifting about. He stood in tottering hesitation as the water splashed around his feet, soaking his shoes. The marines had their arms around his waist but he was a big man and if his good leg gave out on him, as it seemed it might, they might very well all go down.</p>
<p align="justify">It was then that the enormity of war struck me. And I had seen none of the violence. I had merely experienced, at least in these last few hours, the first leg of evacuating a fraction of the Americans seeking to escape Lebanon, who in turn made up a fraction of the total evacuees, who in turn made up a fraction of the hundreds of thousands of people [by now over a million] displaced within Lebanon. And yet the effort and project required to handle this tiny fraction was enormous.</p>
<p align="justify"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/3312975828/in/set-72157614486172430" target="_blank"><img class="alignright" title="Evacuees aboard USS Nashville (photo by Constantine Markides)" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3323/3312975828_d3c0533a68_m.jpg" alt="Evacuees aboard USS Nashville (photo by Constantine Markides)" width="240" height="180" /></a>Most declarations of war are an act of hubris. The rest of the world must accommodate itself to the decision. It is a decision that leaders can take with little physical and psychological discomfort—guarded as they always are by a ring of troops and a cushion of yes men—while those who lack the protection are left to suffer the consequences.</p>
<p align="justify">There were few illusions about Hizbollah’s indiscriminate and deplorable attacks against Israel but when Israel in turn demonstrated it was scoring an almost perfect 10 in civilian deaths, respectable media outlets soberly explained this was due to Hizbollah’s use of civilian shields. IDF officers assure that Israeli strikes are precise. But unless Israel can offer evidence that Hizbollah recently recovered Tolkien&#8217;s Ring, with its power to grant invincibility, from the Mount of Doom, then they are going to be increasingly at a bind to explain the strikes on Red Cross ambulances, humanitarian convoys, hospitals, power plants, a UN observer post, fuel storage tanks, fleeing civilians in cars, and hundreds of homes throughout Lebanon’s south.</p>
<p align="justify">On the steam back from Beirut to Limassol I spoke to a number of evacuees about their final days in Lebanon. One American had been trapped up in the mountains north of Beirut after Israel had bombed the bridges and highways leading north. She managed to escape thanks to an intrepid US embassy worker who knew some secluded side roads up into the mountains.</p>
<p align="justify">A pair of Lebanese-American siblings who lived in the border village of Yaroun described to me how an Apache helicopter had one night beamed floodlights through the windows of their home. The Apache hovered in place for some time and then flew off. Their grandparents’ house, however, had not been spared. Fortunately, their grandparents had moved into their underground garage a few hours before the shelling and emerged unscathed.</p>
<p align="justify">But these stories, dramatic as they were, were not in my mind as I drove back to Nicosia from Limassol the next morning, exactly 24 hours since I had received the phone call from the press officer.</p>
<p align="justify">It was the image of the limping man that stuck with me. The man with the bad leg pausing at the edge of the ramp, drenched to the shins, worrying about his next step.</p>
<p align="right">Constantine Markides</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><strong>*To see a slideshow of all of my photos from this evacuation mission <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28841101@N08/sets/72157614486172430/show/" target="_blank">click here</a>.</strong></p>
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